ABSTRACT
Objectives : Angiogenesis is a complex event mediated by angiogenic factors released from cancer cells and immune cells. It has been reported to be associated with progression, aggressiveness and metastases of various malignant tumors including oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Similarly, mast cells have also been reported to play a role in tumor progression and metastases by promoting angiogenesis. The present study aims at comparison of microvascular density (MVD) and mast cell density (MCD) in normal oral mucosa (NM) and among various grades of OSCC. Materials and Methods : MVD was assessed immunohistochemically using anti-Factor VIII related von Willebrand factor, and MCD using anti-mast cell tryptase in a study sample of 30 cases of OSCC and 10 cases of clinically normal oral mucosa. Results : The mast cells in normal oral mucosa and oral squamous cell carcinoma strongly expressed mast cell tryptase. The density of mast cells and micro vessels were significantly higher in OSCC compared to normal oral mucosa. The MCD and MVD were higher in moderately differentiated OSCC than in well differentiated OSCC ( P > 0.05) and normal oral mucosa ( P < 0.05). Pearson's correlation revealed a positive correlation between MCD and MVD ( r=0.33; P=0.077). Conclusion : These findings indicate that mast cells may play a role in up regulation of tumor angiogenesis in OSCC probably through mast cell tryptase.
Subject(s)
Analysis of Variance , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/blood supply , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology , Cell Count , Female , Humans , Immunohistochemistry , Male , Mast Cells/enzymology , Mast Cells/pathology , Mast Cells/physiology , Microvessels/pathology , Mouth Mucosa/blood supply , Mouth Mucosa/cytology , Mouth Neoplasms/blood supply , Mouth Neoplasms/pathology , Neovascularization, Pathologic , Statistics, Nonparametric , Tryptases/analysisABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To explore the expression of tryptase and chymase in human lung tissue of anaphylactic shock and its value for forensic medicine.@*METHODS@#With ten carbon monoxide poisoning cases as control group, the levels of tryptase and chymase were observed by immunofluorescence and analyzed using the Image Analyze and the Image-pro plus 5.0.2. The positive mast cells were counted and the levels of the tryptase and chymase were calculated respectively.@*RESULTS@#There was a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05) for the tryptase and chymase concentrations in the lung tissue between the anaphylactic shock group and the control group.@*CONCLUSION@#The levels of the tryptase and the chymase expression are greatly increased in human lung tissue of anaphylactic shock, which may provide the morphological evidence and reference for the diagnosis of anaphylactic shock in forensic practice.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Anaphylaxis/pathology , Cadaver , Carbon Monoxide Poisoning/pathology , Chymases/metabolism , Fluoroimmunoassay/methods , Forensic Pathology , Lung/pathology , Mast Cells/enzymology , Staining and Labeling , Tryptases/metabolismABSTRACT
Bone marrow mastocytosis, though infrequently documented in Indian patients, may be observed in association with many non mast cell hematological neoplasms, including acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). We report three cases of acute myeloid leukemia with excess of mast cells in the bone marrow (BM) samples. Mast cell hyperplasia may remain under diagnosed due to shortcoming of morphological identification and diagnostic workup.
Subject(s)
Bone Marrow/pathology , Humans , Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/pathology , Mast Cells/enzymology , Mastocytosis, Systemic/pathology , Tryptases/metabolismABSTRACT
The death caused of anaphylactic shock is common in clinical medicine and medicolegal expertise, but it is a nodus to diagnose sudden death from allergy. In recent years, to provide objective and precise morphological evidence and index of diagnosis for sudden death from allergy, scholars of internal and overseas studied the content of IgE, HT, mast cell tryptase and SP in the serum of the death died of anaphylactic shock, and their immune express in lung and stomach intestine. In this text we reviewed the present study and existing problems of the forensic medicine diagnosis of the sudden erethistic death.
Subject(s)
Humans , Anaphylaxis/pathology , Death, Sudden , Forensic Pathology , Gastric Mucosa/metabolism , Histamine/metabolism , Immunoglobulin E/metabolism , Immunohistochemistry , Intestinal Mucosa/metabolism , Mast Cells/enzymology , Retrospective Studies , Substance P/metabolism , Trypsin/metabolismABSTRACT
Mast cells (MC) are important in the numerous physiological processes of homeostasis and disease. Most notably, MC are critical effectors in the development and exacerbation of allergic disorders. Nitric oxide (NO) is a diatomic radical produced by nitric oxide synthase (NOS), and has pluripotent cell signaling and cytotoxic properties. NO can influence many MC functions. Recent evidence shows the source of this NO can be from the mast cell itself. Governing the production of this endogenous NO, through alterations in the expression of tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4), a NOS cofactor, has stabilizing effects on MC degranulation. Furthermore, NO regulates the synthesis and secretion of de novo generated mediators, including leukotrienes and chemokines. These novel observations add to the growing body of knowledge surrounding the role of NO in the MC.
Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Male , Mice , Rats , Mast Cells/physiology , Nitric Oxide/physiology , Biopterins/analogs & derivatives , Biopterins/metabolism , Cells, Cultured , Cell Degranulation/physiology , Chemokines/physiology , Leukotrienes/physiology , Mast Cells/enzymology , Nitric Oxide Synthase/metabolism , Nitric Oxide/metabolism , Phenotype , Rats, Sprague-DawleyABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the relationship between tryptase in serum and anaphylaxis.@*METHODS@#The concentrations of tryptase in the sera of heart blood in three persons died from anaphylaxis shock were detected by ELISA. The first sample was obtained from a man, aged 38, died of injecting Amikacin. The second sample was obtained from a man, aged 42, died of injecting Cephradine. The third sample was from a woman, aged 39, died of injecting Lincomycin. All samples were stored in -20 degrees C.@*RESULTS@#The concentrations of tryptase in sera were 52 ng/ml, 121 ng/ml and 0.73 ng/ml. It was unknown why the concentration of tryptase in the third sample was normal.@*CONCLUSION@#In fetal anaphylaxia reaction tryptase measurement is a useful indicator, but the diagnosis is not to be based on the test alone.